Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
IBS stands for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. It’s a common disorder that affects the large intestine and can cause symptoms like cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but several factors appear to play a role, including muscle contractions in the intestine, abnormalities in the nervous system, inflammation in the intestines, severe infection, or changes in bacteria in the gut.
It’s a chronic condition that needs to be managed long-term.
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Abdominal pain or cramping is often relieved by passing a bowel movement.
Changes in bowel movements, which can include diarrhea, constipation, or both.
Changes in the appearance of bowel movements, which may be looser, harder, or more watery than usual.
Bloating and excess gas.
Feeling like you can’t empty your bowels.
The urgency to go to the bathroom.
A loss of appetite.
- Lose motion
- Muscle contractions in the intestine: The walls of the intestines are lined with layers of muscle that contract as they move food through your digestive tract. Stronger contractions that last longer than normal can cause gas, bloating, and diarrhea. Weak intestinal contractions can slow food passage and lead to hard, dry stools.
2. Nervous system: Abnormalities in the nerves in your digestive system may cause you to experience greater than normal discomfort when your abdomen stretches from gas or stool. Poorly coordinated signals between the brain and the intestines can cause your body to overreact to changes that normally occur in the digestive process, resulting in pain, diarrhea, or constipation.
3. Inflammation in the intestines: Some people with IBS have an increased number of immune-system cells in their intestines. This immune-system response is associated with pain and diarrhea.
4. Severe infection: IBS can develop after a severe bout of diarrhea (gastroenteritis) caused by bacteria or a virus. IBS might also be associated with a surplus of bacteria in the intestines (bacterial overgrowth).
5. Changes in gut bacteria: Microflora is the ‘good’ bacteria that reside in the intestines and play a key role in health. Research indicates that microflora in people with IBS might differ from microflora in healthy people.
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