Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, commonly known as GERD, is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus.
This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of your esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, regurgitation of food or sour liquid, the sensation of a lump in your throat, and sometimes even disrupt your sleep.
It’s caused by changes in the barrier between the stomach and the esophagus, including abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally holds the top of the stomach closed.
Other factors like hiatal hernia, pregnancy, smoking, certain medications, and asthma can also contribute to GERD.
Lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications are often the first line of treatment.
If these don’t help, your doctor may recommend stronger medications or even surgery.
It’s important to seek medical advice if you’re experiencing symptoms of GERD, as long-term untreated GERD can lead to more serious medical conditions.
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1. A burning sensation in your chest (heartburn), usually after eating, which might be worse at night.
2. Chest pain.
3. Difficulty swallowing.
4. Regurgitation of food or sour liquid.
5. Sensation of a lump in your throat.
6. Chronic cough or laryngitis.
7. Disrupted sleep.
8. New or worsening asthma.
9. Dental erosion or bad breath.
1. Hiatal hernia: This condition occurs when the upper part of the stomach bulges through the diaphragm, allowing acid to enter the esophagus.
2. Obesity: Excess belly fat can put pressure on the stomach, pushing stomach acid into the esophagus.
3. Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and physical pressure from the growing fetus can lead to GERD.
4. Connective tissue disorders: Conditions like scleroderma can affect the muscles in the esophagus, leading to GERD.
5. Delayed stomach emptying: Conditions that slow stomach emptying can increase the risk of reflux.
6. Certain lifestyle habits: These include smoking, eating large meals, eating late at night, consuming fatty or fried foods, drinking certain beverages like alcohol, coffee or carbonated drinks, and taking certain medications like aspirin.
7. Asthma: For reasons that aren’t entirely clear, people with asthma are at higher risk of developing GERD.
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